0x00 环境

我是在虚拟机中安装14.04.4版的Ubuntu 下载Ubuntu14.04.4

0x01 配源或选择最快的更新服务器

• 选择最快的更新服务器:
  System Settings –> Software & Updates –> Download from:other –> Select Best Server –> Choose Serve –> Close

• 配源:
  reber@ubuntu:~$ cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
  reber@ubuntu:~$ vim /etc/apt/sources.list

中科大源：
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

阿里源：
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main multiverse restricted universe

• 升级
  reber@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
  reber@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade

0x02 简单配置

$ sudo apt-get install open-vm-tools-desktop fuse
$ sudo apt-get install vim
$ sudo apt-get install nautilus-open-terminal  #注销,再次登陆即可任意地方右键打开终端
$ vim /etc/default/apport   #更改enabled=0可解决开机总是提示有错误
$ vim ~/.bashrc  #添加alias c='clear'

0x03 安装输入法

apt-get -f install可解决依赖问题
reber@ubuntu:~$ apt-get install ibus-sunpinyin   #安装后重启系统
进入设置：system setting->text entry->添加sunpinyin

0x04 配置Apache/MySQL/PHP

• 安装

sudo apt-get install apache2
sudo apt-get install mysql-client mysql-server
sudo apt-get install php5 php5-gd php5-mysql libapache2-mod-php5 libapache2-mod-auth-mysql
sudo chmod 777 /var/www   #为了方便

• 解决乱码问题

查看编码：
    mysql> show variables like 'char%';
apache：
    sudo vim /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
	最后添加AddDefaultCharset UTF-8
mysql：
    编辑数据库配置文件
    在[client]下面添加：default-character-set=utf8
    在[mysqld]在下面添加：character_set_server=utf8
                        init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

• 测试数据库连接

<?php
    $link = mysql_connect("localhost", "root", "password");
    if(!$link)
        die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
    else
        echo "Mysql 配置正确!";
    mysql_close($link);
?>

• 禁止远程连接

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select host,user from user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host      | user             |
+-----------+------------------+
| %         | root             |
| localhost | debian-sys-maint |
| localhost | mysql.session    |
| localhost | mysql.sys        |
+-----------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

0x05 管理开机自启

ubuntu管理软件自启一般用rcconf：sudo apt-get install rcconf
ubuntu添加mysql自启可以在/etc/rc.local添加/etc/init.d/mysql start

0x06 调时间

# 查看系统时间
$ date                                         

# 设置当前系统时间为2015年5月8日19点48分0秒
$ date -s "2015-5-8 19:48:00"